Riso Folio
Independent editorial coverage of published research on side income, online platform earnings, and how surveys and labor studies measure extra work beyond a primary job.
In the folio
Each piece names the researchers involved and the limits those researchers have stated about their own methods.
Labor force and household surveys ask about work beyond a main job in different ways; the wording changes what gets counted.
Research discussed: Katz and Krueger; Bureau of Labor Statistics Contingent Worker Supplement; Abraham and Amaya.
Tax filings and bank-linked datasets capture platform receipts that surveys often miss, and they disagree with self-reports in systematic ways.
Research discussed: Collins and colleagues; Farrell and Greig; Abraham and colleagues.
Official series and academic papers describe how holding more than one job is measured, who appears in those counts, and where the series break.
Research discussed: Hipple; Lalé; Bureau of Labor Statistics multiple jobholding series.
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Every finding described here is attributed to identifiable researchers and to work that has been published. Figures without a traceable source are not used.
Where a finding is contested, the contest appears next to the finding. Where a method has a known limitation, that limitation is described in the article that relies on it.
This site presumes no circumstance, employment arrangement, income level or personal situation on the part of anyone reading it. Articles describe the populations that researchers studied.
The material published here is descriptive. It is not a method, a system or a set of steps, and it does not claim to produce any result.
Summaries of published academic and institutional research on side income, platform earnings and related measurement questions. Each article names the researchers and describes method limits.
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